ICD-11 Codes
for 1A03.3 - Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection

Teodor Jurukovski January 1, 1970

Fact checked by: Teodor Jurukovski

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Understanding Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli Infection (ICD-11 Code 1A03.3)

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection, identified by the ICD-11 code 1A03.3, is a severe bacterial illness caused by specific strains of Escherichia coli bacteria that produce Shiga toxins. These potent toxins damage the lining of the intestinal wall, leading to significant gastrointestinal distress. This condition is recognised as a common cause of foodborne illness, requiring careful medical attention and accurate coding for reporting and billing purposes.

Common Symptoms and Presentation of EHEC

Patients experiencing an Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection often present with a distinct set of symptoms that typically appear 2 to 5 days after exposure. Key indicators include severe abdominal cramps and diarrhoea, which may be watery or distinctly bloody. While fever is usually minimal or absent, individuals may also experience fatigue and nausea. A critical and potentially life-threatening complication of EHEC is Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). Signs of HUS can include decreased urine output, kidney failure, extreme tiredness, pale skin due to anaemia, and low red blood cell count. Prompt recognition of these symptoms is vital for timely medical intervention.

Causes and Transmission of Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli

The root cause of Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection is infection with specific strains of E. coli that produce Shiga toxins. Transmission primarily occurs through the consumption of contaminated food and water. Common sources include undercooked ground beef, unpasteurised milk and apple juice, and contaminated raw produce such as spinach and lettuce. Outbreaks have also been linked to contaminated water sources and contact with animals, particularly cattle, goats, and sheep, which can carry the bacteria. Person-to-person spread is also possible, especially in settings like childcare centres.

Diagnosis of ICD-11 Code 1A03.3

Confirming an Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection typically involves laboratory testing. The primary diagnostic method is a stool culture, which can identify the presence of the specific E. coli strains responsible for the illness. In some cases, stool samples may also be tested to compare with potential food or environmental sources that may have caused the infection. Accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate management and public health tracking.

Treatment and Management Considerations for EHEC

Treatment for Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection focuses on supportive care to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Importantly, antibiotics and antidiarrheal medications are generally not recommended, as they may increase the risk of developing Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). The cornerstone of treatment is ensuring adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration. For individuals who develop HUS, intensive care may be necessary, potentially involving blood transfusions and kidney dialysis to manage the severe effects on the kidneys and blood.

Documentation and Coding for Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli Infection

For accurate medical billing and reporting, the official ICD-11 code for Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection is 1A03.3. This code falls under the broader category of bacterial intestinal infections. Common clinical synonyms include EHEC and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). When documenting patient encounters, healthcare providers should use precise terminology to reflect the diagnosis, aiding in efficient coding. This ICD-11 code is reportable and billable, ensuring that healthcare services related to this condition are properly recorded. Understanding the nuances of coding for EHEC is crucial for clinics, SaaS platforms, medical directories, and billing resources.