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ICD Hub / Diseases of the blood or blood-forming organs (D50–D89) / 3A01.1 - Neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia
ICD-11

ICD-11 Codes
for 3A01.1 - Neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia
Teodor Jurukovski January 1, 1970
Fact checked by: Teodor Jurukovski
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Understanding Neonatal Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anaemia

Neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia, identified by the ICD-11 code 3A01.1, is a specific form of megaloblastic anaemia occurring in newborns. This condition arises from a severe lack of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) during the neonatal period, impacting the infant's ability to produce healthy red blood cells and potentially affecting neurological development. It is crucial to recognise that this deficiency often stems from the mother's nutritional status during pregnancy and lactation.

Origins of Neonatal Cobalamin Deficiency

The primary cause of neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia is insufficient vitamin B12 levels in the mother. This is most commonly associated with maternal diets that are strictly vegetarian or vegan, lacking adequate sources of cobalamin. Other risk factors include maternal malabsorption syndromes, such as pernicious anaemia or intestinal disorders, which impair vitamin B12 absorption. While neonates are born with some vitamin B12 stores, these can be depleted within the first few months of life if maternal intake remains inadequate, leading to the onset of symptoms.

Recognising the Signs in Infants

Infants with neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia may present with a range of subtle to severe symptoms. Early signs can include irritability, poor feeding, and failure to thrive, with a noticeable decline in growth rate. As the deficiency progresses, developmental regression, apathy, and increased drowsiness may become apparent. Hematological manifestations include megaloblastic anaemia, characterised by abnormally large red blood cells. Neurological symptoms are also a significant concern and can manifest as hypotonia, delayed milestones, or even seizures.

Identifying Neonatal Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anaemia

Diagnosing this condition involves a comprehensive clinical evaluation and specific laboratory tests. Blood tests are essential to confirm low serum vitamin B12 levels and to identify megaloblastic changes in red blood cells, often seen in a peripheral blood smear. Further investigations may include assessing folate levels and evaluating the mother's vitamin B12 status to identify the source of the deficiency. The ICD-11 code for this condition is 3A01.1.

Managing Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Newborns

Prompt and appropriate treatment is vital for infants diagnosed with neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia. The cornerstone of management is vitamin B12 supplementation, typically administered via intramuscular injections to ensure rapid absorption and restoration of levels. Oral supplementation may also be considered. Early intervention is critical to reverse hematological abnormalities and, most importantly, to prevent potentially irreversible neurological damage. Addressing the maternal deficiency through dietary changes or supplementation is also a key aspect of management.

Coding and Documentation for 3A01.1

For accurate medical records and billing, healthcare providers should use the official ICD-11 code 3A01.1, corresponding to Neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia. Common clinical synonyms include neonatal cobalamin deficiency anaemia and vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia in the newborn. This condition falls under the broader category of Megaloblastic anaemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency. Proper documentation should detail the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and treatment administered. This ICD-11 code is reportable and billable.

Frequently asked questions

What is the ICD-11 classification for Neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia?
Neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia is classified under ICD-11 code 3A01.1.
How is Neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia identified in ICD-11?
Neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia is identified by the specific ICD-11 code 3A01.1.
What does the ICD-11 code 3A01.1 represent?
The ICD-11 code 3A01.1 represents Neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia.
Is Neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia a distinct classification within ICD-11?
Yes, Neonatal vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia is a distinct classification within ICD-11, designated by code 3A01.1.
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