ICD-11 Codes
for AA01 - Cellulitis of external ear

Teodor Jurukovski January 1, 1970

Fact checked by: Teodor Jurukovski

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Understanding Cellulitis of the External Ear (AA01)

Cellulitis of the external ear, identified by the ICD-11 code AA01, is a diffuse bacterial infection affecting the soft tissues of the outer ear. This condition can arise within an otherwise healthy ear or may develop as a complication of existing inflammatory or infective conditions of the external ear. Unlike perichondritis, which typically affects the cartilage of the upper ear and excludes the earlobe, cellulitis of the external ear can involve the entire outer ear structure, including the earlobe.

Alternative Names for External Ear Cellulitis

In clinical practice and documentation, Cellulitis of the external ear (AA01) may be referred to by several synonyms and alternative terms. These include Cellulitis of the external auditory canal, Cellulitis of the pinna, and Cellulitis of the auricle. For patients, it is often understood as an outer ear infection or an ear skin infection.

What Causes Cellulitis of the Outer Ear?

The primary cause of cellulitis of the outer ear is a bacterial infection. Common bacterial culprits include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and beta-haemolytic streptococci. Bacteria typically gain entry through minor trauma, such as cuts, scrapes, burns, insect bites, or even spontaneously. Risk factors that increase susceptibility include:

• Ear piercings, particularly those in the high ear cartilage, although cellulitis can affect the earlobe.
• Trauma to the side of the head.
• Participation in contact sports.
• Burns or insect bites.
• Acupuncture procedures.
• Previous ear surgery.
• Untreated ear infections.
• Frequent scratching of the ear.
• Individuals with weakened immune systems, inflammatory conditions, or diabetes may also be at higher risk.

Recognising the Signs: Symptoms of External Ear Cellulitis

The presentation of cellulitis of the external ear typically involves several key symptoms:

• Pain in the affected ear.
• Redness (erythema) of the outer ear.
• Swelling of the external ear.
• A feeling of warmth on the ear.
• Tenderness to touch.

The redness and inflammation may extend to the earlobe. In more severe cases, particularly if an abscess forms, there might be fluid drainage. Some individuals may also experience a fever.

How is Outer Ear Cellulitis Diagnosed?

Diagnosis of cellulitis of the external ear is primarily based on a clinical assessment. Healthcare providers will conduct a physical examination, carefully observing and palpating the ear to evaluate the extent of redness, swelling, and tenderness. A thorough review of the patient's medical history is also crucial, including inquiries about any recent ear trauma, piercings, burns, surgical procedures, or other relevant events that could have led to the infection.

Managing Cellulitis of the External Ear: Treatment Options

Effective management of cellulitis of the external ear typically involves prompt medical intervention. Treatment strategies include:

• Antibiotics: Oral or topical antibiotics are the cornerstone of treatment, chosen based on the identified bacteria and the severity of the infection. Fluoroquinolones are commonly prescribed.
• Symptomatic Relief: Warm compresses and over-the-counter pain relievers can help alleviate discomfort and inflammation.
• Foreign Body Removal: Any foreign objects, such as splinters or piercings, that may have contributed to the infection should be removed.
• Abscess Drainage: If an abscess has formed, a surgical incision may be necessary to drain the accumulated pus and remove any dead tissue, restoring blood supply to the affected area.

Prompt treatment is essential to prevent complications such as cartilage damage or the development of cauliflower ear.

Documentation and Coding Considerations

For accurate medical record-keeping and billing, the ICD-11 code for this condition is AA01, officially named Cellulitis of external ear. This diagnosis is reportable and billable. Related conditions within the ICD-11 classification include Abscess of external ear (AA00), Malignant otitis externa (AA02), Otomycosis (AA03), and Perichondritis of external ear (AA04).