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ICD Hub / Diseases of the skin (L00–L99) / EA40 - Tropical phagedaenic ulcer
ICD-11

ICD-11 Codes
for EA40 - Tropical phagedaenic ulcer
Teodor Jurukovski January 1, 1970
Fact checked by: Teodor Jurukovski
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Understanding the Terminology: Tropical Phagedaenic Ulcer and Its Synonyms

The medical classification for this condition is officially known as Tropical phagedaenic ulcer, with the ICD-11 code EA40. It is also commonly referred to as a tropical ulcer or a phagedaenic ulcer. These terms describe a specific type of skin lesion found predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions.

Clinical Overview: Tropical Phagedaenic Ulcer (ICD-11 Code EA40)

Tropical phagedaenic ulcer, identified by ICD-11 code EA40, is a significant skin disorder prevalent in tropical and subtropical climates. This condition is characterised by the necrosis of the epidermis and underlying superficial tissues, leading to ulcer formation. While some ulcers may heal spontaneously, others can enlarge and become chronic, presenting as large, irregular sores that may encircle a limb. In some instances, pseudoepitheliomatous changes can occur, potentially progressing to squamous cell carcinoma. The condition is often associated with bacterial infections.

Causes and Risk Factors for Tropical Phagedaenic Ulcer

The development of a tropical phagedaenic ulcer (ICD-11 code EA40) is multifactorial. It typically begins with an initial trauma or injury to the skin, which can be as minor as a scratch or an insect bite. Individuals living in rural tropical areas, particularly labourers who do not wear adequate protective footwear and clothing, are at increased risk. Poor nutrition, inadequate hygiene, and pre-existing chronic conditions such as malaria or intestinal parasitic infections also contribute to the risk of developing this ulcer. Bacterial involvement is a key component, with Fusobacterium species frequently identified in the early stages, and _Bacillus fusiformis_ and _Treponema vincenti_ often found in later stages. Other bacteria like _Escherichia coli_ and Enterococcus species may also be present.

Recognising the Symptoms of Tropical Phagedaenic Ulcer

A tropical phagedaenic ulcer (ICD-11 code EA40) typically presents as a painful, rapidly enlarging sore, most commonly found on the lower limbs. Initially, the ulcer is circular, superficial, and may have purplish edges. It has a tendency to enlarge quickly, extending across the skin and deepening into underlying tissues, potentially reaching muscle or even the periosteum. Within a couple of weeks, the ulcer can grow to several centimetres in diameter. As it progresses, the edges become thickened and raised, and the central area may develop necrotic (blackened) tissue and a foul odour.

Diagnosis of Tropical Phagedaenic Ulcer (ICD-11 Code EA40)

Diagnosing a tropical phagedaenic ulcer (ICD-11 code EA40) involves differentiating it from other types of skin ulcers. Clinicians must rule out conditions such as cutaneous leishmaniasis, atypical mycobacterial infections, pyoderma gangrenosum, and ulcers related to venous disease. Diagnostic procedures may include taking swabs from the base and edges of the ulcer to identify the specific types of bacteria present, which aids in confirming the diagnosis and guiding treatment.

Treatment and Management of Tropical Phagedaenic Ulcer

Management of tropical phagedaenic ulcer (ICD-11 code EA40) typically involves a combination of approaches. Antibiotic therapy is crucial, with medications such as tetracycline and metronidazole commonly prescribed to combat the bacterial infection. Surgical intervention, including debridement to remove dead tissue, may be necessary. In some cases, skin grafting might be considered as part of the treatment plan to aid in healing and wound closure. Systemic antibiotic therapy is warranted if there are signs of severe local infection or systemic symptoms like high fever and general malaise.

Frequently asked questions

What is Tropical phagedaenic ulcer (EA40) in ICD-11?
Tropical phagedaenic ulcer (EA40) is an acute or chronic skin disease characterized by necrosis of the epidermis and underlying superficial tissue, observed in tropical and subtropical regions. It can present with spontaneous healing, enlargement into a chronic phase, or development of pseudoepitheliomatous changes.
What is the ICD-11 code for Tropical phagedaenic ulcer?
The ICD-11 code for Tropical phagedaenic ulcer is EA40.
How is Tropical phagedaenic ulcer (EA40) categorized within the ICD-11 classification system?
Tropical phagedaenic ulcer (EA40) is classified under the category 'Predominantly tropical or subtropical bacterial infections affecting skin'.
What are the synonyms for Tropical phagedaenic ulcer (EA40) in ICD-11?
Synonyms for Tropical phagedaenic ulcer (EA40) include Tropical ulcer and Phagedaenic ulcer.
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