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ICD Hub / Diseases of the musculoskeletal system or connective tissue (M00–M99) / FA01 - Osteoarthritis of knee
ICD-11

ICD-11 Codes
for FA01 - Osteoarthritis of knee
Teodor Jurukovski January 1, 1970
Fact checked by: Teodor Jurukovski
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Understanding Osteoarthritis of the Knee (ICD-11: FA01)

Osteoarthritis of the knee, classified under ICD-11 code FA01, is a progressive degenerative joint disease. It is characterised by the gradual breakdown of the cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones in the knee joint. This deterioration leads to increased friction between bones, causing pain, inflammation, and reduced mobility. It is a common condition, often referred to as wear-and-tear arthritis of the knee.

Symptoms of Knee Osteoarthritis

Patients experiencing osteoarthritis of the knee often present with a range of symptoms, which can vary in severity. Common signs include:
  • Knee pain, which may worsen with activity or prolonged standing.
  • Stiffness in the knee joint, particularly noticeable after periods of rest or upon waking.
  • Swelling or a feeling of fullness around the knee.
  • A grinding, clicking, or popping sensation when moving the knee.
  • Reduced range of motion, making it difficult to bend or straighten the knee fully.
  • A sensation of instability or the knee feeling like it might give way.

Factors Contributing to Osteoarthritis of the Knee

The development of osteoarthritis of the knee (ICD-11 FA01) is multifactorial. The primary cause is the cumulative wear and tear on the knee joint over time. Several risk factors can increase an individual's susceptibility:
  • Age: The risk generally increases with advancing age.
  • Genetics: A predisposition can be inherited.
  • Previous Injury: A history of knee trauma, such as fractures or ligament tears, can accelerate cartilage damage.
  • Obesity: Excess body weight places increased stress on the knee joints, contributing to cartilage degeneration.
  • Repetitive Stress: Occupations or activities involving frequent kneeling, squatting, or high-impact movements can predispose individuals to knee OA.
  • Joint Alignment: Structural abnormalities in the knee or leg, such as knock knees or bow legs, can affect weight distribution and cartilage wear.

Diagnosing Osteoarthritis of the Knee

The diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis (ICD-11 FA01) typically involves a comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare professional. This process usually includes:
  • Medical History: Discussing symptoms, their onset, and progression.
  • Physical Examination: Assessing the knee for tenderness, swelling, range of motion, stability, and any audible crepitus (grinding).
  • Imaging Studies:
    • X-rays: Often the primary imaging modality to visualise joint space narrowing, bone spurs (osteophytes), and sclerosis.
    • MRI Scans: May be used in certain cases to provide more detailed images of soft tissues, including cartilage and ligaments, especially if other conditions are suspected.

Managing Osteoarthritis of the Knee

Treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee (ICD-11 FA01) focuses on managing symptoms, improving function, and slowing disease progression. A multi-faceted approach is often employed:
  • Lifestyle Modifications: Weight management to reduce joint stress and activity modification to avoid aggravating movements.
  • Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen supporting muscles, improve flexibility, and enhance joint stability.
  • Pain Management: Over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
  • Injections: Corticosteroid injections for inflammation, hyaluronic acid injections (viscosupplementation) for lubrication, or platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections in some cases.
  • Assistive Devices: Braces or walking aids to support the knee and improve mobility.
  • Surgical Interventions: For severe cases, options include osteotomy (bone reshaping), partial knee replacement, or total knee replacement surgery.

ICD-11 Coding for Osteoarthritis of the Knee

Accurate documentation is crucial for correct coding of osteoarthritis of the knee under ICD-11. The primary code block for this condition is FA01. Specific sub-codes provide further detail:
  • FA01.0 Primary osteoarthritis of knee
  • FA01.1 Post traumatic osteoarthritis of knee
  • FA01.2 Other secondary osteoarthritis of knee
  • FA01.Z Osteoarthritis of knee, unspecified
Additional extension codes may be used to specify laterality (e.g., left, right, bilateral) and other manifestations, forming a code cluster. Precise clinical documentation is essential for selecting the most appropriate ICD-11 code for billing and reporting purposes.

When to Seek Medical Advice

Individuals experiencing persistent or worsening knee pain, stiffness, swelling, or a noticeable decrease in knee function should seek professional medical evaluation. Early diagnosis and management of knee osteoarthritis (ICD-11 FA01) can help alleviate symptoms, maintain mobility, and potentially prevent further joint damage.

Frequently asked questions

What is the ICD-11 classification for Osteoarthritis of knee?
The ICD-11 classification for Osteoarthritis of knee is coded under the stem code FA01. This category encompasses primary, post-traumatic, and other secondary forms, as well as an unspecified category.
What are the different types of Osteoarthritis of knee recognized in ICD-11?
ICD-11 recognizes Primary osteoarthritis of knee (FA01.0), Post traumatic osteoarthritis of knee (FA01.1), and Other secondary osteoarthritis of knee (FA01.2). An unspecified category (FA01.Z) is also available.
How is laterality specified for Osteoarthritis of knee in ICD-11, and what is the role of post-coordination?
Laterality for Osteoarthritis of knee can be specified using extension codes such as XK9J for Bilateral, XK8G for Left, or XK9K for Right. ICD-11 uses post-coordination to link these extension codes with the stem code (FA01) to provide more detail about the condition.
When is the unspecified category for Osteoarthritis of knee used in ICD-11?
The unspecified category, FA01.Z, is used when the type of osteoarthritis of the knee is not documented or specified in the clinical information.
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